Leadership Conversations
Senator Don Wehby’s Contribution to The Debate on The Bill Shortly Entitled The Appropriations Act,2022
Published
3 years agoon

MARCH 25, 2022
Mr. President, I rise in support of the Appropriations Bill, 2022, which when passed will approve the estimates of Heads of Expenditure in the 2022/2023 budget.
I would like to commend the Hon. Minister of Finance & the Public Service, Nigel Clarke, on the work he has put into preparing the budget. I think the Minister has lifted the level of budget debate to another level which sets a new standard. His budget presentation under the theme Recovery, Reform and Restoration was supported by empirical data and deep analysis of the issues and for me instilled confidence for the management of the economy now and going forward, by this Government.
I would also like to thank Ms Darlene Morrison, the Financial Secretary, and all the Deputy Financial Secretaries for the hard work they put into each year’s budget. My comment about the Minister of Finance & the Public Service is also a reflection of the professionalism and expertise of the staff at the Ministry. I also want to recognise the BOJ, PIOJ and STATIN, and all the technical staff at the various Ministries for their continued commitment to producing the budget.
I would like to congratulate the Most Hon. Prime Minister on a very comprehensive budget presentation which addressed the main issues facing our nation at this time, and setting out the plans for securing a better Jamaica, for all Jamaicans by Sowing S.E.E.D.S of Peace, Opportunity and Prosperity. S.E.E.D.S. meaning
Security
Environment and Energy
Education and Skills
Development of Infrastructure
Social Partnership & Unity
It was a brilliant presentation and very much prime ministerial and visionary. In terms of the Security aspect of his presentation, I was happy to hear the update that Plan Secure Jamaica is being systematically and strategically implemented through the provision of technological, telecommunications, training, and other resources.
Mr President, I recall for the last two fiscal years we have debated the Appropriations Bill in the context of dealing with the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Countries around the world are opening their economies and easing COVID-19 restrictions. Jamaica has followed suit as the Hon. Prime Minister recently announced the lifting of the DRMA order. I am cautiously optimistic that we have passed the worst of the pandemic. However, this year we are debating the budget in the context of new challenges.
Economic Recovery
The economy has been recovering from the impact of COVID-19 well ahead of most of our neigbouring countries. Economic growth, job creation, debt reduction has all seen positive improvements.
• In the 1st quarter of 2021/2022 fiscal year, the economy grew by 14.2%-the highest ever recorded quarterly growth rate in Jamaica’s history. The economy is projected to continue to grow during the upcoming fiscal year at a rate of 7-9%.
• The Tourism sector is on the rebound to 70% of pre-pandemic levels and the majority of other sectors have also seen improvement.
• Unemployment reached an all-time low of 7.1% in October last year.
• Debt to GDP ratio has fallen to 96% and is on track to reduce even further.
• Business confidence increased by 24% in the quarter ended December 21; and
• Net International Reserves are now at pre-pandemic levels—US$3.6 Billion as at February this year.
These macro indicators have supported Fitch’s affirmation of the country’s B+ sovereign rating and our outlook remains stable. Fitch has highlighted Jamaica’s consistent fiscal policy effort to reduce our stock of debt as a key factor in the ratings.
Achieving these growth rates will firmly place the economy on a path towards pre-pandemic levels. The Government’s leadership through nearly three years of the worst crisis we have ever seen must be commended.
Budget 2022/2023
Mr. President, the budget for FY2022/23 is expected to support recovery, facilitate reform, and foster restoration of the Jamaican economy.
Total expenditure for the 2022/2023 fiscal year is set at J$912 billion, a 9.1% increase relative to the prior fiscal year. Total income estimates of J$906.4 billion, a 12.3% rise compared to FY2021/22.
A budget deficit of J$5.6billion will be funded by cash reserves from prior years’ budget surpluses. My understanding is that budget deficit should have limited impact on inflation and interest rates. I appreciate the Minister of Finance clarifying an unfortunate interpretation of the budget figures by the Opposition where it was suggested that the Government would collect J$99 billion more in taxes during 2022/2023. It is extremely important for the Jamaican people to get the facts.
To compute how much more the Government plans to collect in taxes this coming year, one would have to subtract the latest estimated amount of taxes to be collected this year (2021/22) from the projected amount of taxes to be collected next year (2022/23).
The former figure is contained in the Second Supplementary Estimates tabled and passed in the House of Representatives in January 2022 which shows that estimated tax revenues for 2021/22 is approximately J$606 billion. This figure is included on Page 6 of the 2022/23 Fiscal Policy Paper. In addition, the Page 34 of the Fiscal Policy Paper summarizes the Second and Third Supplementary Estimates, inclusive of the expected revenue for 2021/22 of J$606 billion.
This compares with projected tax collection for 2022/23 of J$671 billion as contained in recently tabled budgetary documents. Tax revenues are therefore expected to grow by the difference between these two numbers, that is, J$65 billion.
So, in summary, the Government plans to collect J$65 billion more in taxes next fiscal year 2022/23 as compared with the current fiscal year 2021/22, without the imposition of any new taxes or tax increases.
The strong fiscal management performance of the government has resulted in the fifth year in a row that there will be NO new taxes.
Headwinds- Rise in Inflation and Commodity Prices
Mr. President, one of the main headwinds that in my opinion is a risk to reaching full pre-pandemic levels of growth is the increase in inflation globally and the uncertainty around the duration of global inflationary pressures.
The Governor of the BOJ and his team have been doing a good job in managing these pressures and I want to recognize him in this regard. Our situation is not dissimilar to developed economies such as the United States. The Federal Reserve launched a high-risk effort to tame the worst inflation since the 1970s, raising its benchmark short-term interest rate.
Proper fiscal management is key for us to navigate the choppy financial seas this year.
Mr President, I heard the opposition speak about the cost of living increase. But we have to place the rise in food prices in context of commodity prices. Global inflation is the highest it has ever been. United States’ inflation reached a 40-year high at 7.5%. The Russia/Ukraine war also has a significant impact on commodity prices.
Based on data I compiled from Business Insider and the World Bank, YOY 2020/2021 commodity price increases were as follows:
*Commodity 2020 2021
Corn (Maize) -3% 57%
Natural gas (US) -22% 92%
Soybeans 10% 43%
WTI Crude Oil -31% 73%
Brent Crude Oil -34% 67%
Wheat 8% 24%
These increases have gotten worse in 2022.
Russia and Ukraine are suppliers of about one third (1/3) of the global demand for wheat which has resulted in an increase in the cost of food items such as bread.
Mr President, when we are speaking to our nation, it is unfair to speak about increase in prices without putting in context why the prices are increasing, so Jamaicans can get a better understanding of the issues we are facing. I will speak to this later in my presentation, hopefully with some solutions.
As I listened to the proposal by the Opposition, I didn’t hear the analytics and empirical data to support what was being proposed.
Mr. President, today I refer to that as the “politics of promises” which is a knee jerk reaction to gain political popularity which has previously gotten us into trouble. For example, the Opposition’s proposal would cost 2% of GDP or J$40 Billion. The question that I must ask is how it is going to be financed. I would suggest that the only way to do so is to raise taxes or increase our debt stock which would spiral us into a bigger problem. Either way the most vulnerable will suffer the most.
So, Mr President, in my opinion, based on all that is happening in the global economy, the tensions in Europe, the discussion we should be having is around how we can become more self-sufficient as a country. I have said many times that we have to grow our way out of our debt problem. In crisis there is opportunity. With the rise in food prices we need to strategically focus our efforts on production to improve food security, raise productivity and create sustainable value-added food products. I have said it over and over that we need to set ourselves a target to cut our import bill from US$1Billion to US$500M by 2030. This is how we are going to cushion the effects of the rise in global food prices. We need to invest significantly more in agriculture, both for local consumption and export.
Debt to GDP Ratio
So, Mr President, earlier I raised the issue about increasing the stock of debt, I will say again, we cannot spend more than we earn and borrow our way to economic recovery. The future is too uncertain to take on more debt. We cannot afford another Jamaica Debt Exchange (JDX) or National Debt Exchange (NDX) restructuring. Our peers have Debt to GDP ratios that are still 10, 20, 30 and some even as high as 60 percentage points higher than their pre-
COVID levels.
A high level of debt results in tremendous debt servicing costs which makes the country susceptible to adverse shocks. A high level of debt increases macroeconomic uncertainty and lowers our ability to engender long term growth as public investment capacity is crowded out by debt service obligations. We have been on the precipice of disaster with respect to our debt to GDP—we cannot go back there.
The former Minister of Finance, Dr Peter Phillips’ did an excellent job in running the first leg of fiscal reform. Audley Shaw took the baton from Dr Phillips and passed it to Nigel Clarke who is doing and excellent job. We must continue to build on those wins, otherwise we will end up in a virtuous cycle of debt.
The key is to find the right balance between fiscal austerity and protecting the most vulnerable in our society. I commend the Minister of Finance for finding this balance with the budget.
Fiscal Commission
Mr President, on a previous occasion, in this House I indicated my support for the establishment of the Fiscal Commission, so that we can have in place a body that will provide the level of oversight and hold the Government accountable to staying on track to achieving the debt to GDP target. This will take away the temptation of “politics of promises” that has gotten us into significant trouble since independence. I noted the update from the Minister of Finance that plans are underway to appoint the Fiscal Commissioner within the 2022/2023 fiscal year. The Commission is not a “nice to have” it is an imperative to enhance the governance structure so that we can continue our path to economic independence.
Renewable Energy
Mr President, another important factor in building our country’s resilience, is reducing our dependence on Crude Oil which I just mentioned increased by 67% YOY 20/21. This significant increase has impacted electricity costs. I want to highlight the efforts of the Government to cover 20% of the JPS Bill for households that consume 200Kwh of electricity or less. This is an example of timely welfare targeting so that only those who are most vulnerable will benefit and the assistance is time bound. Mr President, we also need to incentivize a cultural change towards more renewable sources of energy and put the polices in place to effect the change.
Jamaica’s current usage rate for renewables is 13% and the Government’s target is to reach 30% by 2030 with possibility to formalize a 50% target. It is an ambitious target, but it can be done if we create the right policies the environment and incentives to achieve this objective. In Barbados for example businesses and homeowners engaged in the renewable energy and energy efficiency sectors benefit from energy tax incentives.
The Minister responsible for energy should report to the Parliament on an annual basis of how we are doing against the target and the actions being taken to stay on track.
Social Protection Initiatives
Mr President, I also wanted to note my support for the allocation of J$16.9 billion to the PATH Programme, to support the vulnerable sectors. This support will be provided through the PATH cash grant, Social Pension for the Elderly, Rehabilitation Grants, the Social Intervention/Youth Empowerment Strategy and the support for needy students. We care for all Jamaicans.
Capital Expenditure
Capital expenditure initiatives will stimulate economic activity by providing jobs and creating capital capacity earnings to fuel economic recovery. The total projected spend on capital expenditure for the upcoming fiscal year is J$65.1billion an increase of 20% YOY. Some of the major projects announced which I am pleased about include:
• Southern Coastal Highway Improvement Project
• Montego Bay Perimeter Road; and the
• Northern Coastal Highway
Mr President, in closing, I would like to again offer my support for the Bill and say that, our resilience as a country has been tested more than ever before but we have shown that we can get through this together and we will recover stronger.
Thank you, Mr. President
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Business Insights
You Can’t Fix What You Can’t See: Why Jamaica Broilers’ U.S. Collapse Wasn’t Just Financial, It Was Strategic
Published
21 hours agoon
June 6, 2025
A supply chain leader’s take on how weak governance, poor integration, and reactive leadership cost Jamaica Broilers billions, and what Caribbean firms must do differently.
As a Jamaican-born supply chain executive working in the United States, I’ve seen firsthand how ambition without execution can quickly become a liability. That’s exactly what happened to Jamaica Broilers Group Limited. For nearly 70 years, JBG has been a symbol of Caribbean manufacturing excellence. However, in early 2025, the company announced its first quarterly loss in history, primarily driven by a $1.15 billion loss from its U.S. operations.
Recent news articles suggest that miscalculations in valuing inventory and biological assets contributed to financial losses. As a leader in operations, financial transformation, and supply chain audits, I can state:
This was not just a financial mistake. It was a strategic failure of systems, governance, and business leadership.
The Numbers Tell the Story
Based on regulatory filings and media reports from Our Today and the Jamaica Observer, here’s what went wrong:
- JBG admitted to using “unsubstantiated accounting valuation methodologies” affecting inventories and biological assets
- The company expects a material restatement of U.S. earnings
- It recorded a J$1.15 billion quarterly loss, compared to a J$1.3 billion profit the year before
- U.S. operating profit fell from J$2.98 billion to J$922 million over nine months
- The entire U.S. leadership team was removed, including Stephen Levy, the CEO’s brother
- External financial advisors were brought in, and reports were delayed twice before being released
This wasn’t an isolated oversight. It was a total breakdown in the systems that connect supply chain performance to financial truth.
Where the Strategy Failed
1. Operations and Finance Were Completely Disconnected
JBG’s misstatement of inventory and biological assets tells me one thing: Finance was not operating with real-time data from the supply chain. In an asset-heavy industry like poultry, valuation accuracy is directly tied to production yields, biological input tracking, and inventory turnover. If those systems are disconnected, your balance sheet is based on assumptions.
Insight: You can’t fix what you can’t see. Real-time inventory visibility is no longer optional, especially in a low-margin industry.
2. Governance Was Passive, Not Proactive
The issues in the U.S. operation were only uncovered during a quarterly review. This means that for months, the leadership based in Jamaica had no visibility into what was truly occurring. There were no warning signs, no escalation triggers, and no governance frameworks in place to identify these missteps earlier.
Insight: Foreign subsidiaries must be governed as extensions of the enterprise, not as independent silos. Operational governance is not a meeting, it is a system.
3. No Strategic Positioning in the U.S. Market
JBG tried to enter the U.S. poultry market as a mainstream player. No diaspora segmentation. No culturally driven SKUs. No unique value proposition. That meant they were competing directly with industry giants like Tyson Foods and Sanderson Farms, with no brand edge or pricing power.
Insight: In the U.S., don’t compete on commodity. Compete on culture, value, and customer alignment. JBG ignored the Caribbean diaspora, and with it, a major advantage.
4. Overexpansion Without Standardization
JBG operated two facilities in the United States, located in Iowa and South Carolina, without a unified operational model. The systems were not standardized, and the processes were not synchronized. The resulting consequences were significant.
- Ballooning operating expenses
- Fragmented performance metrics
- Reduced supply chain efficiency
Insight: Expansion is not growth unless it is built on a repeatable model. Two facilities without one process is not scale, it is confusion.
What They Still Haven’t Fixed
Despite public admissions and leadership changes, JBG has not yet addressed:
- Whether it will consolidate operations under a single facility
- How will it implement diaspora-driven branding and product segmentation
- What new controls are being put in place for real-time operational audits
- How will its ERP or financial reporting systems be upgraded
The response remains focused on personnel. But this was never just a people problem. It was a process problem.
My Recommendations for Caribbean Firms Entering the U.S.
As someone who has optimized supply chains, here is what I recommend:
1. Integrate ERP Systems Across All Operational Units
Ensure that inventory data, production yields, and cost accounting are aligned and communicate effectively with one another daily.
2. Establish Governance With Clear Escalation Protocols
Don’t wait for quarterly reports. Build monthly audits, early-warning triggers, and local compliance reviews into your operations.
3. Build With Culture at the Center
Diaspora markets are not just nostalgic, they are loyal. Own that connection with specialized SKUs and targeted marketing.
4. Standardize Before You Scale
Replicate only what works. Make sure your first location operates with precision before opening a second.
5. Tell the Truth Sooner
Market trust is built on clarity. Communicate failures transparently, and show the systems being built to prevent recurrence.
I’m not writing this to criticize JBG. I share this because I’ve witnessed this narrative repeatedly. This was a billion-dollar lesson, highlighting the need for Caribbean businesses to prioritize operational discipline over mere optimism when expanding into the U.S.
Financial breakdowns start as operational blind spots. Visibility isn’t a luxury—it’s the foundation of trust.
Jermaine Robinson, MBA, CSCP
Strategic Supply Chain Leader | Global Logistics & Distribution Leader | Driving Operational Excellence & Digital Transformation
The views and opinions expressed are those of the author/s and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of companies or clients for whom the author/s are currently working or have worked. Any content provided by the author/s is of their opinion and is not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual, or anyone or anything.
Leadership Conversations
Why Some CEOs Resist the Concept of Buy-In
Published
5 days agoon
June 2, 2025
In my years of working with CEOs during strategic planning, I’ve noticed a surprising resistance among some leaders to the concept of buy-in. To these CEOs, seeking input or engagement from employees feels like a sign of weakness. They believe leadership should be about mandating change and that buy-in dilutes their authority. This resistance, while common, often undermines the very success they aim to achieve through strategic planning.
The CEO’s Perspective on Buy-In
For many CEOs, strategic planning aims to create change—often significant, organization-wide change. They understand that change is difficult and frequently met with resistance, particularly from employees accustomed to the status quo. However, their response is often to mandate change, dismissing the need for employee involvement.
This approach stems from the belief that engaging employees in the planning process equates to surrendering control or being held hostage by their resistance. Confident in their vision, these CEOs view buy-in as an unnecessary hurdle, preferring to impose decisions with a “comply or leave” mentality.
The Case for Buy-In
My counterargument is simple yet profound: decisions are only effective if they are supported by those who must implement them. Dr. Robert Zawacki of the University of Colorado articulates this well in his book Transforming the Mature Information Technology Organisation. He argues:
Effective Decisions = The Right Decision X Commitment to the Decision (ED = RD x CD).
This formula highlights that even the best decisions will fail without the commitment of those responsible for implementing them. Commitment doesn’t arise from compulsion—it comes from understanding and shared ownership.
The Power of Participation
Engaging employees in the planning process fosters a deeper understanding and greater alignment. When employees are involved in crafting the parts of the plan that impact their work, they are more likely to accept and embrace the required changes. It aligns with the adage:
“If they create it, they understand it. If they understand it, they commit to it.”
Participation doesn’t mean ceding control; it means building a coalition of committed individuals who will champion the plan’s execution. Buy-in transforms resistance into ownership, turning a potential liability into an asset.
The Bottom Line
CEOs who dismiss buy-in as a weakness fail to see it as a tool of strategic strength. Leadership is not just about creating the right plan—it’s about ensuring that the plan succeeds. Engaging employees is not a concession; it’s a strategy for building commitment, aligning efforts, and achieving lasting change.
Buy-in isn’t just a nice-to-have; it’s the multiplier that turns the right decisions into practical actions.
Ronnie Sutherland
Managing Partner – Strategic Solutions Limited. “I am a strategic planning facilitator ready to guide you through your next strategic planning process.”
Businessuite News24
Finance Minister Highlights Middle Managers’ Key Role in Jamaica’s Economic Growth
“As Minister, I see every day how important strong leadership is to sustaining the progress we’ve made in stabilising our economy, attracting investment and opening new opportunities for our people,” Mrs. Williams said.
Published
2 weeks agoon
May 23, 2025
Minister of Finance and the Public Service, Hon. Fayval Williams, has underscored the pivotal role middle managers play in driving Jamaica’s economic progress.
“As Minister, I see every day how important strong leadership is to sustaining the progress we’ve made in stabilising our economy, attracting investment and opening new opportunities for our people,” Mrs. Williams said.
She declared that middle managers are “the energy that gets things done” as they move their companies along, exhibiting true leadership that shapes the transformation of teams and influences the drive towards national development.
“[True leadership] is the consistent demonstration of values, authenticity and strategic focus that leaves behind a real legacy… one not written in résumés but in lives changed, organisations built, and futures secured. I know that you know that titles may grant authority, but only influence grounded in service, discipline and integrity builds the trust that moves countries like Jamaica ahead,” Mrs. Williams said.

She was addressing stakeholders on day one of the Make Your Mark Consultants (MYMC) two-day Middle Managers’ Leadership Conference at The Jamaica Pegasus hotel in New Kingston on Tuesday (April 29).
Mrs. Williams noted that strategic and decisive leadership is especially critical in navigating current global uncertainties.
“In today’s increasingly dynamic global trade environment, Jamaica’s agility or ability to move swiftly, decisively and strategically is essential for national success; and at the execution level, it is you, it is our middle managers who drive that success.
You’re the ones ensuring that vision becomes reality, solving problems, coaching teams, delivering results and adapting to change with confidence and clarity,” she contended.
The Minister further pointed out, “In a Jamaica that is growing steadily stronger with sound leadership, prudent economic management, historic low unemployment rates, a transparent inflation-targeting regime, real investments in education, infrastructure, and innovation, it is clear that, as a country, we are on the right path.”
Meanwhile, Mrs. Williams lauded MYMC for organising what she described as the premier management conference in Jamaica, noting that the event is critical as Jamaica navigates an increasingly complex global economy.
She noted that this year’s conference theme – ‘A Legacy of Change, Transformation and Execution’ – is apt for the occasion.
“It reminds us that leadership is not about titles, offices, or positions. It’s about action [and] the courage to move when others hesitate. It’s about vision… the ability to see beyond today’s challenges and into tomorrow’s possibilities. Most importantly, it’s about influence – the ability to inspire people to believe in a cause greater than themselves, to push past limits to build institutions that will stand the test of time,” the Minister emphasised.
Mrs. Williams encouraged the participating middle managers to take advantage of the conference by actively engaging in the discussions, learning from the experts, sharpening their skills and strengthening their networks so they can be better and stronger leaders, driving Jamaica’s continued growth and transformation.
By: Donique Weston, JIS
Leadership Conversations
Reinvigorating Global Growth through Productivity Reforms – Nigel Clarke
Published
2 months agoon
March 29, 2025
Distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen, good morning. I want to thank the China Development Forum for inviting me to speak today. It’s an honor to be here, especially as this marks my first visit to China since joining the IMF.
This is the Year of the Snake—a year of renewal and transformation. A fitting symbol, given the pace of change around us.
Patterns of trade and capital flows are shifting. AI is rapidly advancing. Trade is no longer the engine of global growth it used to be. Divergences across countries are widening. And governments worldwide are shifting their policy priorities.
Meanwhile, global growth is steady but underwhelming. Our five-year ahead growth forecast remains at 3.1 percent—well below the pre-pandemic average of 3.7 percent.
This is largely due to declining productivity growth. Total factor productivity, which measures the ability to create more outputs with the same inputs, has been growing at a slower pace since the 2008-09 global financial crisis.
Reviving medium-term growth
My focus today, therefore, is on how to revive medium-term growth. The path to success lies in pursuing structural reforms to raise productivity.
This applies to all countries. In ageing societies—where the share of the working-age population is shrinking—productivity growth has a vital role to play in maintaining living standards.
It also applies to emerging market and developing economies trying to close the gap with richer countries. To provide better jobs and a higher stand of living, they too need to ignite productivity growth.
Without ambitious steps to enhance productivity, global growth is set to remain far below its historical average.
So, what can we do? Let me focus on two priorities that are especially relevant for Asia.
First, innovation. We know that productivity growth increases with technological advances—advances made possible through investments in research and development, a proxy for innovation effort.
Technology transfer, scientific collaboration and policies that fund basic research can foster the kind of innovation we need for long-term growth. And can have a sizeable impact when combined with closer public-private cooperation. In fact, our research shows that productivity growth in advanced economies can increase by 0.2 percentage point a year with a hybrid policy that boosts public research expenditure by a third and doubles subsidies to private research. Because these are average numbers only, the increase could be even higher in emerging markets and developing countries.
Investments in AI are a case in point. No longer an emerging technology, AI is beginning to revolutionize industries and reshape economies. We estimate that AI could boost global GDP growth between 0.1 and 0.8 percentage points per year in the medium term, depending on how it is adopted.
Second, boosting productivity through better resource allocation. The movement of labor and capital toward more productive firms and industries has long been an important source of overall productivity growth. As workers move from farms to factories, for example, their productivity increases dramatically. So too do their income and living standards, with spillovers to the whole economy.
There are many ways countries can achieve a better allocation of resources, including by implementing policies aimed at increasing the mobility of workers, such as re-skilling programs. And more importantly, by strengthening market forces, which create the necessary incentives, through prices and wages.
Asia provides an example of how such reforms can fuel growth. Over the past few decades, Asia prospered as employment and production moved from agriculture to manufacturing. Now, the region contributes over 60 percent of global growth, and is home to some of the world’s largest, most innovative companies.
Continued success, however, requires continued reforms.
Reforms such as strengthening the private sector. Entrepreneurs drive creativity and innovation, investing in sectors with the highest returns. To create the environment they need to thrive, it’s important that there’s a level playing field between the private sector and state-owned enterprises.
For many Asian countries, including China, reforms also involve expanding the services sector.
Services are a potentially important new source of growth. The sector has already drawn about half of the region’s workers, up from just over a fifth in 1990.
And productivity in some services sectors is high. In fact, our analysis shows that Asia’s labor productivity in financial services is four times higher than in manufacturing, and it’s twice as high in business services.
China
In China, reallocating resources to services would have another important benefit: by creating jobs and increasing incomes, it could help boost consumption. A welcome goal that is also a top priority of the government.
While household consumption as a share of GDP in China has risen, it is still among the lowest compared to OECD countries. A sustained increase in consumption’s share of GDP could lead to continued rapid gains in living standards and provide a welcome lift to global demand. This rebalancing of demand also requires reforms to reduce the need for precautionary savings, especially by middle- and lower-income households.
Overall, our analysis suggests that a comprehensive package of reforms to boost consumption and lift productivity could raise China’s potential growth by about 1 percentage point per year over the medium term. That translates into a level of GDP that is close to 20 percent higher than our baseline by 2040.
The IMF’s role
Through our policy advice, lending and capacity development, the IMF has consistently supported countries in establishing macroeconomic and financial stability as a foundation for growth.
To further help in this endeavor, we have formed a new IMF Advisory Council on Entrepreneurship and Growth. The goal is to get new ideas on how countries can ease regulatory barriers, adapt tax systems to a more business-friendly environment, and incentivize long-term savings, so countries have more to spend on innovation.
In this Year of the Snake, let’s embrace change and focus on reforms and policies to revive growth. This will lead to better prospects for people everywhere.
Thank you.
Remarks by International Monetary Fund Deputy Managing Director Nigel Clarke at the China Development Forum
Beijing, China, March 23, 2025
https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2025/03/23/sp032325-dmdclarke-chinadevtforum?s=03
Environment
Special Report – ESG Transformation in the Caribbean: How Local and Global Companies are Reshaping Corporate Responsibility and Achieving Impact
Published
4 months agoon
January 26, 2025
As Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) factors gain traction worldwide, Caribbean companies are increasingly aligning with these principles to meet growing demands for transparency and responsibility. Globally, companies across industries are demonstrating the impact of ESG initiatives on their brand value, stakeholder trust, and even financial performance. In this evolving landscape, the Caribbean region is taking significant strides in its own ESG journey, often inspired by or collaborating with international corporations.
International companies have set benchmarks for comprehensive ESG integration that Caribbean firms are beginning to adopt. For example, Unilever’s “Sustainable Living Plan” and Microsoft’s carbon-negative pledge have illustrated how companies can drive social and environmental impact while strengthening business resilience.
Unilever’s initiatives, for instance, have led to substantial reductions in waste, water use, and greenhouse gas emissions, enhancing both operational efficiencies and brand perception. Likewise, Microsoft’s 2020 commitment to carbon negativity has inspired a wave of tech companies to adopt more robust carbon reduction strategies. Microsoft’s early achievements, including powering data centers with renewable energy, underscore how an ambitious ESG plan can benefit both environmental outcomes and investor confidence.
In the Caribbean, companies like Royal Caribbean Group are also setting ambitious ESG goals. The company’s “Seastainability” report highlights a multifaceted approach to ESG, such as implementing waste-to-energy systems and engaging in biodiversity projects. This not only demonstrates responsible environmental stewardship but also builds stronger connections with local communities, enhancing the brand’s reputation in the tourism industry
Similarly, Republic Bank in Trinidad & Tobago, in its 2024 annual report, outlined comprehensive measures to address climate risks, invest in social programs, and uphold corporate governance standards. This commitment to ESG aligns Republic Bank with global standards, fostering investor appeal and brand strength amid a shift towards responsible investment criteria.
For Caribbean corporate leaders, effective ESG integration requires actionable goals, ongoing monitoring, and transparent communication with stakeholders. To further align with international standards, regional firms can adopt practices like regular ESG impact assessments, clear data-driven metrics, and industry collaborations to address shared challenges.
According to PwC’s 2022 Caribbean Corporate Governance Survey, while over 60% of Caribbean firms acknowledge ESG’s strategic importance, board-level engagement on ESG remains limited, underscoring the need for greater governance oversight and education.
As Caribbean companies refine their ESG strategies, they are positioning themselves as competitive players in an increasingly responsible global economy. By adopting and adapting international best practices, these firms are not only driving positive change but also enhancing their appeal to a growing base of ESG-conscious investors, customers, and communities. This ESG shift is poised to shape the Caribbean’s corporate landscape, reflecting a larger global transformation that values sustainable and ethical growth. BS
Embracing ESG: Sagicor Group Jamaica’s Comprehensive Approach to Sustainability and Community
Sagicor Group Jamaica’s steadfast dedication to Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) principles reflects a core philosophy that permeates its vision, mission, and operational practices. Recognizing the role that corporate entities play in shaping a sustainable future, Sagicor has developed robust initiatives across each ESG component to drive value for stakeholders and contribute meaningfully to the Caribbean’s long-term resilience and prosperity.
Environmental Stewardship
Sagicor’s commitment to environmental sustainability is evident in its strategies for energy conservation, sustainable sourcing, and waste management. These initiatives are guided by a focus on reducing the company’s ecological footprint and supporting Jamaica’s transition to a climate-resilient economy.
Water Security Partnership: Recognizing the vulnerability of water resources, Sagicor has partnered with the government to ensure reliable water access across Jamaica. This collaboration aims to make water readily available even during droughts by 2025, underscoring a forward-looking approach to resource security.
Hybridized Work Environment: In line with global trends, Sagicor has adopted a hybrid work model to minimize its physical footprint. This strategy has significantly reduced the need for employee commutes, thus decreasing the company’s carbon emissions. Furthermore, office spaces have been outfitted with energy-efficient lighting, leading to a 75% reduction in energy consumption, which contributes to both environmental conservation and operational cost savings.
Digital Transformation: To further reduce its environmental impact, Sagicor has initiated a comprehensive digital transformation effort, aiming to minimize paper usage across the organization from 2024 to 2027. This shift not only reduces waste but also aligns with global best practices for sustainable business operations.
Eco-Waste Disposal: In collaboration with Recycling Partners of Jamaica, Sagicor Foundation has launched the Sigma Run Go Green Team to collect and recycle plastic waste from its events. This project has successfully recycled over 27,000 bottles, demonstrating Sagicor’s commitment to waste management and environmental responsibility.
Social Responsibility
Sagicor’s social responsibility framework centers on fostering community well-being, promoting social equity, and enhancing access to essential resources. Through targeted programs, the company supports marginalized communities and invests in sectors critical to Jamaica’s social and economic development.
Support for the Farming Community: Sagicor has created specialized financial products, such as agro-processing loans, to support farmers and fisherfolk. This initiative includes affordable healthcare options, reflecting Sagicor’s dedication to meeting the needs of those who often lack access to traditional financial services and healthcare.
Health and Education Investments: Over the past 26 years, Sagicor has invested more than J$600 million in Jamaica’s healthcare infrastructure, contributing to hospitals, children’s health, and disability support services. Additionally, Sagicor’s scholarship programs provide educational support at both tertiary and secondary levels, helping to foster a well-rounded, educated workforce for the nation’s future.
Empowering Women and Marginalized Groups: Sagicor offers entrepreneurial support programs and products designed to empower women and promote social equity. By providing family support leave policies and mentorship programs, the company cultivates a workplace environment that values inclusivity and diversity.
Governance Excellence
Upholding the highest standards of integrity and transparency, Sagicor’s governance framework is geared toward responsible, accountable leadership. This commitment is reinforced through rigorous policies, a focus on data privacy, and proactive cybersecurity measures.
Corporate Governance Structure: Sagicor has implemented a robust governance structure, with committees dedicated to investment, risk management, and IT oversight. This framework ensures vigilance across all operational areas, positioning the company to adapt to evolving risks and challenges. Furthermore, Sagicor’s property services are ISO certified, a mark of quality assurance and commitment to excellence.
Data Privacy and Cybersecurity: Data privacy is a priority for Sagicor, which has established a comprehensive Data Privacy Programme. This includes appointing a dedicated Data Protection Officer and adopting a “Privacy-by-Design” approach for product development. In addition, Sagicor’s cybersecurity framework adheres to global best practices, supported by board-approved policies and active threat monitoring.
Regulatory Monitoring and ESG Framework Development: Sagicor stays at the forefront of ESG regulatory changes, actively monitoring emerging standards and aligning its practices accordingly. The company is currently building out a dedicated ESG framework, which will further integrate sustainability into its corporate strategy, ensuring long-term alignment with global ESG priorities.
Conclusion
Sagicor Group Jamaica’s multifaceted ESG approach exemplifies a commitment to responsible business that goes beyond profit. By addressing environmental impacts, fostering social well-being, and adhering to ethical governance practices, Sagicor not only contributes to the Caribbean’s sustainable development but also strengthens its position as a leader in the region’s financial and social landscape. The company’s dedication to ESG is an inspiring model for other organizations seeking to integrate these essential principles into their operations and support a more sustainable, inclusive future for the Caribbean.
Supporting Sustainable Development Goals: ANSA McAL Group’s Progress in Sustainability
ANSA McAL Group, one of the Caribbean’s leading conglomerates, has consistently advanced its commitment to sustainable development. Since 2015, ANSA McAL has actively invested in green energy, circular economy initiatives, and equal opportunity policies, supporting several United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In recent years, its efforts have amplified, with initiatives across renewable energy, waste reduction, workforce safety, cybersecurity, and ESG integration.
Here’s a closer look at some key projects and the SDGs they advance.
Investing in Green Energy
Since 2015, ANSA McAL has led renewable energy initiatives, generating over 121,000 MWh of green energy in 2023. This aligns directly with SDG 7: Affordable and Clean Energy and SDG 13: Climate Action. The recent signing of a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with Kenesjay Green Limited at COP 28 reinforces the Group’s dedication to advancing private-sector green energy projects across the Caribbean, which will help reduce regional carbon footprints and mitigate climate change.
Circular Economy
ANSA McAL’s circular economy approach addresses SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production. ANSA Packaging’s impressive 91% increase in glass collection for recycling in Trinidad and Tobago exemplifies this commitment, as does the Beverage Sector’s redirection of over 2.4 million kilograms of spent malt grains from CARIB Breweries. By providing these materials to farmers as low-cost animal feed, ANSA McAL reduces landfill waste and supports local agricultural economies.
Caribbean Natural Capital Hub
In collaboration with The Cropper Foundation, ANSA McAL’s financial entities, ANSA Merchant Bank and ANSA Bank, launched the Caribbean Natural Capital Hub SME Grant Challenge in Trinidad and Tobago. This initiative fosters corporate awareness on environmental responsibility, supporting SDG 15: Life on Land. By introducing a technical working group to explore nature-based reporting, ANSA McAL contributes to preserving and enhancing biodiversity.
Safe Working Environment
Prioritizing a safe workplace, ANSA McAL has reduced workplace accidents by 38% since implementing Safe Systems of Work training. Over 2,400 employees completed this program, aligning the Group with SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth by promoting safe, productive employment.
Enhanced Cybersecurity
ANSA McAL’s investment in cybersecurity, including a new Security Operations Centre (SOC) with Security Orchestration, Automation, and Response (SOAR) capabilities, underscores the Group’s commitment to SDG 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure. The Group’s 24/7 threat detection and incident response services exemplify how technology can strengthen resilience in an increasingly digital business environment.
Equal Opportunity and Culture Transformation
In addressing SDG 5: Gender Equality, ANSA McAL has assessed gender equity in remuneration across five major job levels, with pay differences favoring women in some cases. The Group’s culture transformation initiatives also aim to create an enriching, equitable work environment. By promoting diversity and inclusivity, ANSA McAL supports work-life balance and a culture of growth.
ESG Framework and Enterprise Risk Management
In 2023, ANSA McAL established a Group-wide Sustainability Committee, with representatives from all sectors, alongside the launch of its ESG framework. This framework, designed to integrate sustainability into corporate strategy, supports SDG 16: Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions by fostering governance that is transparent and ethical. Furthermore, the ANSA McAL Playbook & Risk Standard defines the Group’s minimum risk management requirements, emphasizing safety, governance, and long-term impact.
As ANSA McAL builds on these efforts, the Group sets a benchmark for corporate responsibility in the Caribbean, aligning its strategic direction with international best practices and the UN Sustainable Development Goals.
Kingston Wharves Limited’s 2023 ESG Initiatives: Advancing Sustainability, Community Well-Being, and Environmental Protection
In 2023, Kingston Wharves Limited (KWL) reinforced its dedication to Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) practices by aligning with eight key United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). As a crucial logistics hub in Jamaica, KWL uses its position and resources to create a sustainable impact, not only within its operations but also across the Newport West Port Community and Jamaica as a whole.
Commitment to Quality Education and Community Engagement
KWL is committed to empowering local communities through investments in Quality Education. The company supports early childhood education, youth development, and sports, recognizing that strong educational foundations contribute to long-term community resilience. By funding and participating in educational initiatives, KWL helps foster future leaders, workforce talent, and engaged citizens who can drive regional growth.
Promoting Decent Work and Economic Growth
One of KWL’s core beliefs is that every employee’s life should be positively impacted through their employment. The company’s Decent Work and Economic Growth strategy aims to nurture personal, professional, and community development by providing resources for self-sustaining growth. This commitment includes competitive wages, career advancement opportunities, and a supportive work environment that reflects the SDG spirit of “teaching a man to fish.”
Fostering Sustainable Cities and Communities
Recognizing the importance of safe and sustainable urban environments, KWL is dedicated to building Sustainable Cities and Communities. KWL actively promotes civic pride and environmental responsibility within the Newport West area, organizing and sponsoring clean-up and recycling initiatives. This commitment extends beyond its facilities to positively affect the surrounding areas, creating a healthy, dignified, and welcoming space for both residents and visitors.
Environmental Conservation: Life Below Water and Life on Land
Protecting marine and terrestrial ecosystems is central to KWL’s ESG mission. Through programs aligned with Life Below Water and Life on Land, the company has implemented measures to limit environmental impact. KWL spearheads plastic waste reduction, coastal clean-ups, and recycling projects to safeguard marine biodiversity. On land, KWL’s responsible sourcing practices and biodiversity initiatives strive to balance human activity with the preservation of natural habitats.
Gender Equality and Community Empowerment
KWL champions Gender Equality within its organization, providing leadership opportunities and supporting initiatives that empower all employees, regardless of gender. This inclusive approach strengthens the company’s organizational culture, fosters innovation, and demonstrates the impact of gender equity in driving sustainable corporate success.
Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure Investments
KWL’s investments in Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure reflect its commitment to long-term economic and technological advancement. The company continually invests in state-of-the-art technology and infrastructure to support its sustainability objectives and strengthen its operations. This focus on innovation includes integrating environmental and social governance practices into all business functions, reinforcing KWL’s role as a regional leader in responsible business practices.
Climate Action and Tracking Carbon Footprint
KWL has intensified its Climate Action initiatives, measuring and tracking greenhouse gas emissions from electricity and fuel use to reduce its carbon footprint. Through these ongoing assessments, KWL can implement data-driven strategies that contribute to climate change mitigation. All new construction plans incorporate fuel, energy, and water efficiency mechanisms, aligning with global standards for sustainable development.
Waste Management and Recycling
In 2023, KWL made significant strides in recycling and waste management, emphasizing the importance of Eco-Waste Disposal. The company introduced plastic bottle recycling within its daily operations, strategically placing recycling bins throughout its facilities. By collaborating with Recycling Partners of Jamaica, KWL organized two community clean-ups focused on reducing plastic waste and educated employees about the environmental impact of waste disposal. A plastic bottle recycling competition further engaged employees and vendors, reinforcing KWL’s commitment to environmental stewardship within the port community.
Conclusion
Kingston Wharves Limited’s 2023 ESG activities highlight a comprehensive and proactive approach to sustainable business practices. Through targeted initiatives in education, environmental conservation, community well-being, and infrastructure, KWL exemplifies a responsible corporate entity that seeks to contribute to both local and global sustainability goals. As KWL continues to embed the UN SDGs into its business operations, it sets a standard for Caribbean enterprises committed to achieving a sustainable and resilient future for the region.
GraceKennedy: Pioneering Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) for Sustainable Growth
GraceKennedy (GK) is undergoing a transformative integration of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) principles into its operations. This comprehensive approach, rooted in the company’s corporate governance values, underscores GK’s commitment to sustainable growth and resilience within the communities it serves. Following the release of its first ESG statement in 2022 and an extensive ESG materiality assessment in 2023, GK established seven primary ESG goals. These goals are set to guide GK’s trajectory toward a sustainable future while meeting the expectations of stakeholders.
Integrity and Governance: Strengthening Trust and Transparency
Upholding the highest standards of integrity remains at the core of GK’s values. By December 2024, GK aims to establish a dedicated ESG hub on its website, where stakeholders can access the company’s ESG policies and reports. In addition to broadening its stakeholder engagement program, GK plans to publish a comprehensive Environmental, Social, and Governance Policy by 2025, creating a transparent platform for dialogue and ongoing feedback integration.
Employee Welfare and Diversity: Building a Respectful Workplace
As part of its commitment to a safe and inclusive work environment, GK strives to be an employer of choice. Key goals for December 2025 include launching a comprehensive Health, Safety, and Wellness Policy and implementing diversity training across all GK divisions. With a focus on enhancing employee engagement, GK’s workplace initiatives aim to create an atmosphere where each team member feels valued for their contributions.
Responsible Products and Services: Bolstering Consumer Confidence
GK has made responsibility and data privacy cornerstones of its business practices. The company plans to launch a Group Data Protection Policy by the end of 2023 and enhance cybersecurity awareness by 2026. Additionally, GK’s financial literacy program, GK Money Sense, is evolving into a broad-based training initiative designed to help customers make informed financial choices by December 2025. Aiming to support healthier lifestyles, GK has also committed to an accelerated product development strategy that reduces fat, salt, and sugar content across its portfolio by the same date.
Environmental Stewardship: Minimizing Ecological Impact
Reducing environmental impact is central to GK’s ESG agenda. By December 2024, GK plans to implement strategies to reduce virgin plastic use in its products and, by 2025, launch a comprehensive sustainability strategy for all GK entities. Expanding its greenhouse gas (GHG) measurement and tracking efforts, GK intends to implement GHG reduction strategies across all operations by 2026, underscoring the company’s commitment to climate resilience and sustainable resource management.
Community Engagement: Supporting Vibrant and Inclusive Communities
Improving community well-being is a top priority for GK. By 2024, GK will introduce an online CSR portal within its ESG hub, tracking community-focused activities across the organization. GK has also set ambitious targets for volunteer hours and investment, aiming for 4,000 hours and J$370 million annually in community development by 2030. These initiatives focus on expanding access to education, promoting healthy lifestyles, and fostering environmentally sustainable practices, reinforcing GK’s role as a pillar of community support and development.
The “We Care” Report: Mapping GK’s ESG Journey
In September 2023, GK published its inaugural ESG “We Care” report, which documents the company’s sustainability journey and outlines its ESG goals and targets. This report represents a milestone in GK’s commitment to ESG, providing a transparent account of its progress, priorities, and vision for the future.
Through these initiatives, GraceKennedy is not only enhancing corporate sustainability but also contributing to a resilient future for its stakeholders and the wider Caribbean community. GK’s commitment to ESG principles marks a forward-thinking approach that sets the stage for a legacy of sustainable growth and community empowerment.

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